<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">In addition to being unspecific, how would you access an optional closure? Since trailing operators can’t be separated with whitespace, how do you differentiate two trailing “?” from a “??” operator?<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">i.e. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">let a:Int? = ...</div><div class="">let b:Int? = ...</div><div class="">let someFunction:((Int, Int)->(Int))? = ...</div><div class="">let c = someFunction??(a, b)</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">It seems like it’s trying to provide a fallback of (Int?, Int?) instead of Int?.</div><div class="">I’m on the side of using the postfix “?” on the specific optional values, not on the function name. It has the benefit of not being confusing to someone new approaching the language because they are adjacent to the thing to change instead of in some other location.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">In response to other criticisms, it seems very odd to me that the question of evaluation order of arguments is a serious problem for the original idea.</div><div class=""><br class=""><div class=""><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Dec 12, 2017, at 2:32 PM, Adrian Zubarev via swift-evolution <<a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" class="">swift-evolution@swift.org</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div class="bloop_markdown" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><p style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;" class="">I propose that we do not add a suffix<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;" class="">?</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>to the arguments because it does not really signal that the whole function may return an optional value. This is especially not convenient in a nested scenario like mentioned by others in previous posts. Instead we should reuse the inifix<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class="">?</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>on functions, subscripts and initializer. This way we can signal that the function might fail if one of the provided optional arguments could not be unwrapped where the function expects a non-optional argument. If the return type was already an optional, we do not generate a nested optional, because there is no real reason for us to do so. All arguments can simply be passed to the function with an infix<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class="">?</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in their current form. If all non-optional parameter types match with the argument types - optional parameter types can safely be ignored - we generate an error, thus we don’t need an infix<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class="">?</code>, otherwise the conversion happens implicitly. This approach removes the need for explicit argument annotations, which is IMHO boilerplate in first place. It also provides a hint to the reader that some of the passed arguments should be unwrapped to succeed. In every chase the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class="">?</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is always close to the parameter list<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class="">?(_:_:...)</code>.</p><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">Here are some simple examples to consider:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p><pre style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class=""><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">func first(one: A, two: B, three: C?) -> D { ... }
func second(one: A, two: B, three: C?) -> D? { ... }
</code></pre><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">————————————————————————————————————————————————</p><pre style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class=""><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">// error when adding infix `?` if all arguments match the types
first?(one: a, two: b, three: c) // c can be both optional and non-optional
</code></pre><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">————————————————————————————————————————————————</p><pre style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class=""><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">// no need for infix `?`
first(one: a, two: b, three: optionalC) // returns `D`
</code></pre><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">————————————————————————————————————————————————</p><pre style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class=""><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">// sugared
first?(one: optionalA, two: b, three: c) // returns `D?` if succeed
// desugared
{ () -> D? in
if let someA = optionalA {
return first(one: someA, two: b, three: c)
} else {
return nil
}
}()
</code></pre><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">————————————————————————————————————————————————</p><pre style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class=""><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">// sugared
first?(one: optionalA, two: optionalB, three: optionalC) // returns `D?` if succeed
// desugared
{ () -> D? in
if let someA = optionalA, let someB = optionalB {
return first(one: someA, two: someB, three: optionalC)
} else {
return nil
}
}()
</code></pre><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">————————————————————————————————————————————————</p><pre style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class=""><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">// error when adding infix `?` if all arguments match the types
second?(one: a, two: b, three: c) // c can be both optional and non-optional
</code></pre><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">————————————————————————————————————————————————</p><pre style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class=""><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">// no need for infix `?`
second(one: a, two: b, three: optionalC) // returns `D?`
</code></pre><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">————————————————————————————————————————————————</p><pre style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class=""><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">// sugared
second?(one: optionalA, two: b, three: c) // returns `D?` if succeed - no need for nested optionals!
// desugared
{ () -> D? in
if let someA = optionalA {
return second(one: someA, two: b, three: c)
} else {
return nil
}
}()
</code></pre><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">————————————————————————————————————————————————</p><pre style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class=""><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">// sugared
second?(one: optionalA, two: optionalB, three: optionalC) // returns `D?` if succeed - no need for nested optionals!
// desugared
{ () -> D? in
if let someA = optionalA, let someB = optionalB {
return second(one: someA, two: someB, three: optionalC)
} else {
return nil
}
}()
</code></pre><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">Please note that this can only work with non-operator functions and initializers. Operator functions cannot be referenced as normal functions yet and optional subscripts would require a source breaking change to align with that behaviour.</p><p style="margin: 15px 0px;" class="">If I missed something where<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;" class="">optional func</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>from Objective-C results into incompatibility with this approach, please fell free to correct me. From my point of view I don’t see how this additional behaviour could break<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" class="">optional func</code>.</p><div style="margin: 15px 0px;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div></div><div class="bloop_original_html" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><div id="bloop_customfont" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><br class=""><div id="bloop_sign_1513106396093748992" class="bloop_sign"></div><br class=""><p class="airmail_on" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Am 12. Dezember 2017 um 19:47:25, Jared Khan via swift-evolution (<a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none;" class="">swift-evolution@swift.org</a>) schrieb:</p><blockquote type="cite" class="clean_bq" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><span style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;" class=""><div class="" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space;"><div class=""></div><div class=""><div class="">Even this small example I think this is still a little fiddly. If we add another required parameter to the Markdown initializer:</div><div class="">let readme = String(contentsOfFile: “README.md”).flatMap { Markdown(string: $0, flavor: .github) }</div><div class="">this starts to feel a little inside-out and crufty to me. <br class=""><div class=""><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><div class="" style="margin-top: 0px;">On 12 Dec 2017, at 05:54, Félix Cloutier <<a href="mailto:felixcloutier@icloud.com" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none;">felixcloutier@icloud.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class="" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><div class="" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space;">You talk about flatMap without giving an example. The readme isn't that bad with it, IMO:<br class=""><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div class="">if let readme = String(contentsOfFile: "README.md").flatMap(Markdown) {</div><div class="">// use contents here</div><div class="">}</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">That doesn't work when you need multiple optional parameters. In my own experience, that hasn't been a huge problem, though.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Félix</div><div class=""><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><div class="" style="margin-top: 0px;">Le 11 déc. 2017 à 08:30, Jared Khan via swift-evolution <<a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none;">swift-evolution@swift.org</a>> a écrit :</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class="" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><div class="" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space;"><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Hi all,</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">I'd like to propose a syntax addition that acts to ease some things that I believe should fall under the umbrella of 'optional chaining'. Optional chaining allows us to access the properties of an optional value and return nil if any link in that chain breaks. I propose we introduce syntax to allow similar chaining when passing optional valued parameters to functions that expect that parameter to be non-optional.</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">The example below is taken from a project I'm working on at the moment:</p><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><br class=""></pre><blockquote class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; border: none; padding: 0px;"><pre class="" style="margin: 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">// Current
let readme: Markdown?
if let rawMarkdown = String(contentsOfFile: "README.md") {
readme = Markdown(string: rawMarkdown)
} else {
readme = nil
}</code></pre></blockquote><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">In this example we want to perform an operation, the initialisation of a 'Markdown' type, with our raw text if it exists and get nil otherwise. This is rather verbose</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">I propose the following syntax for an alternative:</p><div class=""><br class=""></div><blockquote class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; border: none; padding: 0px;"><pre class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">// Proposed alternative
let readme = Markdown(string: String(contentsOfFile: "README.md")?)</code></pre><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><br class=""></code></pre></blockquote><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">The <code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">?</code> is familiar in its use for optional chaining.</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">This would act like syntactic sugar for the <code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">flatMap</code> method on <code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">Optional</code>. For example:</p><div class="">(where `john` is of a `Person` type with a property `address: Address?`)</div><blockquote class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; border: none; padding: 0px;"><pre class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">// func getZipCode(fromAddress address: Address) -> ZipCode</code></pre><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">getZipCode(fromAddress: john.address?)
// Would be equivalent to…
john.address.flatMap {
getZipCode($0)
}</code></pre></blockquote><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">An example with multiple parameters:</p><blockquote class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; border: none; padding: 0px;"><pre class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">// func getPostageEstimate(source: Address, destination: Address, weight: Double) -> Int</code></pre><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">getPostageEstimate(source: john.address?, destination: alice.address?, weight: 2.0)
// Equivalent to
john.address.flatMap { freshVar1 in
alice.address.flatMap { freshVar2 in
getPostageEstimate(source: freshVar1, destination: freshVar2, weight: 2.0)
}
}
// Or equally:
{
guard let freshVar1 = john.address,
let freshVar2 = alice.address else {
return nil
}
return getPostageEstimate(source: freshVar1, destination: freshVar2, weight: 2.0)
}()</code></pre></blockquote><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">This would only be allowed when the parameter doesn’t already accept Optionals and when the chained value is in fact an optional. We’d want to consider emitting at least the following errors/warnings in the given scenarios:</p><blockquote class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; border: none; padding: 0px;"><pre class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
let result = myFunc(3?)
// error: cannot use optional chaining on non-optional value of type 'Int'
// func myFunc2(x: String?) -> String
let result = myFunc2(x: john.address?)
// error: cannot use optional argument chaining on argument of optional type</code></pre><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">let result = myFunc(nil?)
// warning: optional argument chaining with nil literal always results in nil</code></pre><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><br class=""></code></pre></blockquote><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Seeking your thoughts on this idea, the specific syntax, and more use case examples.</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Best,</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Jared</p></div>_______________________________________________<br class="">swift-evolution mailing list<br class=""><a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); 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