<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 22 Jul 2016, at 12:11, L. Mihalkovic <<a href="mailto:laurent.mihalkovic@gmail.com" class="">laurent.mihalkovic@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""><br class=""><div class="">Regards</div>(From<span class="Apple-style-span"> mobile)</span></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class="">On Jul 22, 2016, at 9:22 AM, Taras Zakharko via swift-evolution <<a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" class="">swift-evolution@swift.org</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class=""></div><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><div class="">To be honest, I have difficulty with the terminology here. Why use the term ‚metatype‘<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></div></blockquote><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">It is the literature's terminology (types about types) and also the compiler's own naming.</div></div></blockquote><div><br class=""></div><div><br class=""></div><div>I am certainly not contesting these facts. However, I am not sure how helpful this particular terminology is in the relevant context. After all, we are talking here about operations on types themselves, not types of a type. While it is true that any type variable/parameter itself is of a metatype type, I don’t see any utility gained by making this fact explicit. Something like Type or TypeInfo accomplishes the same and is probably easier to understand. </div><div><br class=""></div><div>For instance, I have difficulty understanding why you suggest to rename type(of:) to metatype(of:). Unless I am completely confused, the return value is a type, isn’t it? its just that the type of the return value is a metatype. </div><div><br class=""></div><div>This is a different thing in languages like Python, where metatypes have a clear practical purpose (it is possible to directly create and manipulate metatypes).</div><div><br class=""></div><div>— T. </div><div><br class=""></div><div>P.S. I hope my naive questions are not too inappropriate. I am honestly trying to understand the topic. While I do have some background in higher-order logic and type theory, and I have done a fair share of programming with types and types of types, the way Swift works in this regard eludes me. </div><div><br class=""></div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><div class="">in the first place? Why not just ‚Type'? Or ‚TypeDescriptor‘ (in analogy to ObjectIdentifier)? What do we actually gain by the technical distinction between a type and a type of a type? I would understand it if we had the ability to construct higher-order types, such as custom metatypes or even metatype types in Swift. <div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">But in general, I am sympathetic with the proposal.Swift type/metatype facilities are very confusing (I still don’t get how the .Type, .Self, .self etc. stuff works) and bringing some clarity will be most welcome. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">— T. <br class=""><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 22 Jul 2016, at 00:40, Adrian Zubarev via swift-evolution <<a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" class="">swift-evolution@swift.org</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div class="bloop_markdown" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;"><a href="https://github.com/DevAndArtist/swift-evolution/blob/rename_t_dot_type/proposals/0126-rename-t-dot-type.md" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">https://github.com/DevAndArtist/swift-evolution/blob/rename_t_dot_type/proposals/0126-rename-t-dot-type.md</a></p><hr class="" style="height: 0.2em; border: 0px; color: rgb(204, 204, 204); background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); display: inherit;"><h1 id="renamet.type" class="" style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 28pt;">Rename<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T.Type</code></h1><ul class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Proposal:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="x-msg://35/0126-refactor-metatypes-repurpose-t-dot-self-and-mirror.md" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">SE–0126</a></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Authors:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://github.com/DevAndArtist" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Adrian Zubarev</a>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://github.com/Anton3" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none;">Anton Zhilin</a></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Status:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong class="" style="-webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Revision</strong></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Review manager:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://github.com/lattner" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Chris Lattner</a></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Revision: 2</li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Previous Revisions:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://github.com/apple/swift-evolution/blob/83707b0879c83dcde778f8163f5768212736fdc2/proposals/0126-refactor-metatypes-repurpose-t-dot-self-and-mirror.md" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">1</a></li></ul><h2 id="introduction" class="" style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 24px;">Introduction</h2><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">This proposal renames the current metatype<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T.Type</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>notation and the global function from<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong class="">SE–0096</strong><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>to match the changes.</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Swift-evolution threads:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p><ul class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;"><a href="" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">[Pitch] Rename<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T.Type</code></a></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><a href="" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">[Review] SE–0126: Refactor Metatypes, repurpose T[dot]self and Mirror</a></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><a href="https://lists.swift.org/pipermail/swift-evolution/Week-of-Mon-20160718/024772.html" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">[Proposal] Refactor Metatypes, repurpose T[dot]self and Mirror</a></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><a href="https://lists.swift.org/pipermail/swift-evolution/Week-of-Mon-20160704/023818.html" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">[Discussion] Seal<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T.Type</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>into<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">Type<T></code></a></li></ul><h2 id="motivation" class="" style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 24px;">Motivation</h2><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">In Swift metatypes have the following notation:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong class="" style="-webkit-margin-before: 0px;"><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T.Type</code></strong></p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">As already showed in<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong class="" style="-webkit-margin-before: 0px;">SE–0096</strong><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong class="">SE–0090</strong><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>the Swift community strongly is in favor of (re)moving magical intstance or type properties.</p><ul class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;"><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;"><strong class="" style="-webkit-margin-before: 0px;">SE–0096</strong><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>moves<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">instanceOfT.dynamicType</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">type<T>(of: T) -> T.Type</code>.</p></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;"><strong class="" style="-webkit-margin-before: 0px;">SE–0090</strong><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>aims to remove<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">.self</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>completely.</p></li></ul><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">We propose to rename<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T.Type</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>to a generic-like notation<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">Metatype<T></code>. To be able to achieve this notation we have to resolve a few issues first.</p><h3 id="knownissuesofmetatypes:" class="" style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 18px;">Known issues of metatypes:</h3><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">Assume this function that checks if an<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Int</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>type conforms to a specific protocol. This check uses current model of metatypes combined in a generic context:</p><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">func intConforms<T>(to _: T.Type) -> Bool {
return Int.self is T.Type
}
intConforms(to: CustomStringConvertible.self) //=> false
Int.self is CustomStringConvertible.Type //=> true
</code></pre><blockquote class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; border-left-width: 4px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 0px 15px; color: rgb(119, 119, 119);"><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">[1] When<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is a protocol<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">P</code>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">T.Type</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is the metatype of the protocol type itself,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">P.Protocol</code>.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">Int.self</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is not<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">P.self</code>.</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">[2] There isn’t a way to generically expression<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">P.Type</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong class="">yet</strong>.</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">[3] The syntax would have to be changed in the compiler to get something that behaves like<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">.Type</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>today.</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px 0px;">Written by Joe Groff:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://twitter.com/jckarter/status/754420461404958721" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">[1]</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://twitter.com/jckarter/status/754420624261472256" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none;">[2]</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://twitter.com/jckarter/status/754425573762478080" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: inherit; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></p></blockquote><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">A possible workaround might look like the example below, but does not allow to decompose<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">P.Type</code>:</p><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">func intConforms<T>(to _: T.Type) -> Bool {
return Int.self is T
}
intConforms(to: CustomStringConvertible.Type.self) //=> true
</code></pre><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">We can extend this issue and find the second problem by checking against the metatype of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Any</code>:</p><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">func intConforms<T>(to _: T.Type) -> Bool {
return Int.self is T
}
intConforms(to: Any.Type.self) //=> true
intConforms(to: Any.self) //=> true
Int.self is Any.Type //=> Always true
</code></pre><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">When using<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Any</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>the compiler does not require<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">.Type</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>at all and returns<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">true</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>for both variations.</p><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">The third issue will show itself whenever we would try to check protocol relationship with another protocol. Currently there is no way (that we know of) to solve this problem:</p><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">protocol P {}
protocol R : P {}
func rIsSubtype<T>(of _: T.Type) -> Bool {
return R.self is T
}
rIsSubtype(of: P.Type.self) //=> false
R.self is Any.Type //=> Always true
R.self is P.Type //=> true
R.self is R.Type //=> true
</code></pre><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">We also believe that this issue is the reason why the current global functions<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">sizeof</code>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">strideof</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">alignof</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>make use of generic<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><T>(_: T.Type)</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>declaration notation instead of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">(_: Any.Type)</code>.</p><h2 id="proposedsolution" class="" style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 24px;">Proposed solution</h2><ul class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;"><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Rename any occurrence of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T.Type</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">T.Protocol</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">Metatype<T></code>.</p></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Revise metatypes internally.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">When<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is a protocol,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">T.self</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>should always return an instance of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">Metatype<T></code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>(old<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">T.Type</code>) and never a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">T.Protocol</code>. Furthermore, metatypes should reflect the same type relationship behavior like the actual types themselves.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">To match the correct meaning and usage of the noun ‘Metatype’ from this proposal, we also propose to rename the global function from<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong class="" style="-webkit-margin-before: 0px;">SE–0096</strong>:</p><ul class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">before:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">public func type<T>(of instance: T) -> T.Type</code></li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">after:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">public func metatype<T>(of instance: T) -> Metatype<T></code></li></ul></li></ul><h3 id="examples:" class="" style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 18px;">Examples:</h3><pre class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 8px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><code class="swift" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">protocol P {}
protocol R : P {}
class A : P {}
class B : A, R {}
func `is`<T>(metatype: Metatype<Any>, also _: Metatype<T> ) -> Bool {
return metatype is Metatype<T>
}
`is`(metatype: R.self, also: Any.self) //=> true | Currently: false
`is`(metatype: R.self, also: P.self) //=> true | Currently: false
`is`(metatype: R.self, also: R.self) //=> true
`is`(metatype: B.self, also: Any.self) //=> true | Currently: false
`is`(metatype: B.self, also: P.self) //=> true | Currently: false
`is`(metatype: B.self, also: R.self) //=> true | Currently: false
`is`(metatype: B.self, also: A.self) //=> true
`is`(metatype: B.self, also: B.self) //=> true
func cast<T>(metatype: Metatype<Any>, to _: Metatype<T>) -> Metatype<T>? {
return metatype as? Metatype<T>
}
cast(metatype: R.self, to: Any.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<Any>> | Currently: nil
cast(metatype: R.self, to: P.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<P>> | Currently: nil
cast(metatype: R.self, to: R.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<R>> | Currently: an Optional<R.Protocol>
let anyR: Any.Type = R.self
let r = cast(metatype: anyR, to: R.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<R>> | Currently: an Optional<R.Protocol>
cast(metatype: B.self, to: Any.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<Any>> | Currently: nil
cast(metatype: B.self, to: P.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<P>> | Currently: nil
cast(metatype: B.self, to: R.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<R>> | Currently: nil
cast(metatype: B.self, to: A.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<A>>
cast(metatype: B.self, to: B.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<B>>
let pB: P.Type = B.self
let b = cast(metatype: pB, to: B.self) //=> an Optional<Metatype<B>>
</code></pre><h2 id="impactonexistingcode" class="" style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 24px;">Impact on existing code</h2><p class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">This is a source-breaking change that can be automated by a migrator. Any occurrence of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T.Type</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>or<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">T.Protocol</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>will be simply renamed to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">Metatype<T></code>.</p><h2 id="alternativesconsidered" class="" style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 24px;">Alternatives considered</h2><ul class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Alternatively it’s reasonable to consider to rename<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">T.self</code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">T.metatype</code>.</li><li class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;">It was considered to reserve<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><code class="" style="font-family: Menlo, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 10pt; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: inherit; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); margin: 0px 2px; padding: 0px 5px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;">Type<T></code><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>for different usage in the future.</li></ul><div class="" style="margin: 15px 0px;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div></div><div class="bloop_original_html" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><div id="bloop_customfont" class="" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px;"><br class=""></div><br class=""><div id="bloop_sign_1469140728009710080" class="bloop_sign"><div class="" style="font-family: helvetica, arial; font-size: 13px;">-- <br class="">Adrian Zubarev<br class="">Sent with Airmail</div></div></div><div class="bloop_markdown" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><div class="" style="margin: 15px 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div></div><span class="" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); float: none; display: inline !important;">_______________________________________________</span><br class="" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><span class="" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); float: none; display: inline !important;">swift-evolution mailing list</span><br class="" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); text-decoration: none; font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">swift-evolution@swift.org</a><br class="" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><a href="https://lists.swift.org/mailman/listinfo/swift-evolution" class="" style="color: rgb(65, 131, 196); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); text-decoration: none; font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">https://lists.swift.org/mailman/listinfo/swift-evolution</a><br class="" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></div></div></blockquote><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><div class=""><span class="">_______________________________________________</span><br class=""><span class="">swift-evolution mailing list</span><br class=""><span class=""><a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" class="">swift-evolution@swift.org</a></span><br class=""><span class=""><a href="https://lists.swift.org/mailman/listinfo/swift-evolution" class="">https://lists.swift.org/mailman/listinfo/swift-evolution</a></span></div></blockquote></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></body></html>