<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body dir="auto"><div></div><div><br></div><div><br>Am 07.06.2016 um 20:11 schrieb L Mihalkovic via swift-evolution <<a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org">swift-evolution@swift.org</a>>:<br><br></div><blockquote type="cite"><div><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"><div class=""><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; font-family: Menlo; min-height: 14px;" class="">T1 =======</div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class="">import</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""> Lib1</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class="">var</span><span style="color: rgb(49, 89, 93);" class=""> str = </span><span style="color: rgb(49, 89, 93);" class="">func2</span><span style="color: rgb(49, 89, 93);" class="">()<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>// lib1</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #31595d" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;" class="">T2 =======</div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class="">import</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""> Lib1</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class="">import</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class="">func</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""> Lib2.</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(49, 89, 93);" class="">func2</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(49, 89, 93);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class="">var</span> str = func2()<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>// lib2</span></div></span></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div>Shouldn't func2() be ambiguous here? It is imported from Lib1 and from Lib2.<div><br></div><div>-Thorsten </div><div><br><blockquote type="cite"><div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #31595d" class=""><div class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(49, 89, 93);" class=""><br class=""></span></div></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;" class=""><font face="Menlo" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""></span></font><div style="font-family: Menlo; margin: 0px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;" class="">T3 =======</div><div style="font-family: Menlo;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class="">import</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""> Lib1</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class="">import</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class="">func</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""> Lib2.</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(49, 89, 93);" class="">func2</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(49, 89, 93);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class="">var</span> str = “str”.allCaps()<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>// ERROR : ambiguous name</span></div></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><font color="#31595d" class=""><font face="Menlo" class=""><br class=""></font></font></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><br class=""></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; font-family: Menlo; min-height: 14px;" class="">Lib1 ===========</div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; font-family: Menlo; min-height: 14px;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">public</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">func</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> func2() -> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #703daa" class="">String</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> {</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">return</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #d12f1b" class="">"lib1"</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">}</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">// only during T3</span></div><div class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">public</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">extension</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #703daa" class="">String</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> {</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">public</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">func</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> allCaps() -> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #703daa" class="">String</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> {</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">return</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #d12f1b" class="">“lib1_</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #d12f1b" class="">"</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> }</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">}</span></div><div class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""><br class=""></span></div></span></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; font-family: Menlo; min-height: 14px;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;" class="">Lib2 ===========</div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">public</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">func</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> func2() -> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #703daa" class="">String</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> {</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">return</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #d12f1b" class="">"lib2"</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">}</span></div><div class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class="">// only during T3</span></div><div class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;" class=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">public</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">extension</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #703daa" class="">String</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> {</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">public</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">func</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> allCaps() -> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #703daa" class="">String</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> {</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #bb2ca2" class="">return</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000" class=""> </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #d12f1b" class="">"lib2_</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #d12f1b" class="">"</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""> }</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class="">}</span></div><div class=""><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures" class=""><br class=""></span></div></span></div></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">T3 shows how differently extensions are treated from all other exportable/importable artifacts: <span style="color: rgb(49, 89, 93); font-family: Menlo;" class="">extensions are NOT sensitive to the scope of imports. they are fully loaded as soon as the loader detects that the module is referenced (they come from their own table inside the module binary).</span></div><div class=""><div style="font-family: Menlo; margin: 0px; line-height: normal;" class=""><br class=""></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Jun 7, 2016, at 6:45 PM, Paul Cantrell <<a href="mailto:cantrell@pobox.com" class="">cantrell@pobox.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" class="" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div class=""><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">On Jun 7, 2016, at 11:36 AM, Paul Cantrell via swift-evolution <<a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" class="">swift-evolution@swift.org</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">On Jun 7, 2016, at 10:47 AM, L. Mihalkovic via swift-evolution <<a href="mailto:swift-evolution@swift.org" class="">swift-evolution@swift.org</a>> wrote:</div><div class=""><div dir="auto" class=""><div class=""><br class="">On Jun 7, 2016, at 4:53 PM, Tony Allevato <<a href="mailto:allevato@google.com" class="">allevato@google.com</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class=""></div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class="">I like the "from" keyword the best, but I'll take my own stab at a modification:<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""> import ModuleA</div><div class=""> import ModuleB</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""> "hello world".(capitalized from ModuleA)()</div><div class=""> "hello world".(capitalized from ModuleB)()</div><div class=""> "hello world".(someProperty from ModuleA)</div><div class=""> "hello world".(someProperty from ModuleB)<br class=""></div></div></div></blockquote><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Hmmm... looks like an oxymoron in its own right... I was under the impression so far that the point of extensions was that they are not tied to a source. This brings us back full circle to the very definition of extensions... However you slice it, swift is lacking some scoping bellow modules, and/or arround some of the language features.</div></div></div></blockquote></div><br class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">IIRC, a member of the core team (Joe Groff, maybe?) indicated several months ago on the list that methods are internally namespaced to their module. Alas, I can’t find that message. It was a long time ago.</div></div></blockquote><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">Ah, here it is:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://lists.swift.org/pipermail/swift-evolution/Week-of-Mon-20151207/000928.html" class="">https://lists.swift.org/pipermail/swift-evolution/Week-of-Mon-20151207/000928.html</a></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">Joe Groff wrote:</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">“It's helpful to think of method names as being namespaced in Swift, by both their enclosing module and type. If two modules independently extend a protocol with a method of the same name, you still semantically have two distinct methods that dispatch independently. The extension would have to be factored into a common module both modules see for them to interact.”</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">IOW, yes, Swift internally does something very much like <span class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue;">"hello world”.ModuleA::capitalized().</span></div><br class="" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><blockquote type="cite" class="" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">You can see this in the fact that two different files can see two different extension methods:</div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><br class=""></div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">A.swift</div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><br class=""></div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div dir="auto" class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class=""> import ModuleA</div><div class=""> …</div><div class=""> "hello world".capitalized()</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">B.swift</div></div></div></div></div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div dir="auto" class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div class=""><div dir="auto" class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class=""> import ModuleB</div><div class=""> …</div><div class=""> "hello world".capitalized()</div></div></div></div></div><div class=""><div dir="auto" class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><br class=""></div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">…even if they end up compiled into the same binary. And that makes sense: A.swift only expected to see ModuleA’s extension, and was presumably coded around that expectation. That ModuleB happened to end up mixed into the same binary shouldn’t change the behavior of A.swift</div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><br class=""></div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">If my understand is correct, then my "hello world”.ModuleA::capitalized() and your "hello world".(capitalized from ModuleA)() are both just syntax to expose something that Swift already tracks internally.</div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><br class=""></div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">Cheers, P</div><div class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><br class=""></div><span class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue; 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