[swift-evolution] [Draft] UnsafeRawPointer API

[Andrew Trick]

> On Jun 27, 2016, at 4:27 PM, Andrew Trick via swift-evolution <swift-evolution at swift.org> wrote:
> 
> 
>> On Jun 27, 2016, at 3:35 PM, Dave Abrahams <dabrahams at apple.com <mailto:dabrahams at apple.com>> wrote:
>> 
>>> Casting from a raw pointer to a typed pointer is only more dangerous
>>> than other raw pointer operations because it is the first step in this
>>> sequence of operations, which is undefined:
>>> 
>>> ptrA = rawPtr.cast(to: UnsafePointer<A>.self)
>>> ptrA.initialize(with: A())
>>> ptrA.deinitialize()
>>> 
>>> ptrB = rawPtr.cast(to: UnsafePointer<B>.self)
>>> ptrB.initialize(with: B())
>> 
>> But it's trivial to get undefined behavior without any of that.  Just:
>> 
>>  _ = rawPtr.load(UnsafePointer<NonTrivialType>.self)
> 
> That's another way to obtain a typed pointer, but by itself it is well defined.
> 
> This is an important point, so I want to make sure I’m getting it across.
> 
> The following code is well-defined:
> ```
> ptrA = rawPtr.initialize(with: A())
> ptrA.deinitialize()
> ptrB = rawPtr.initialize(with: B())
> ```

And updated for the proposal's current syntax...

This is well-defined:
```
ptrA = rawPtr.initialize(A.self, with: A())
ptrA.deinitialize()
ptrB = rawPtr.initialize(B.self, with: B())
```

> The following code is undefined:
> ```
> ptrA = rawPtr.cast(to: UnsafePointer<A>.self)
> ptrA.initialize(with: A())
> ptrA.deinitialize()
> ptrB = rawPtr.cast(to: UnsafePointer<B>.self)
> ptrB.initialize(with: B())
> ```
> It is hard to spot the difference between the two styles without drawing attention to the unsafe cast.
> 
> I considered naming the cast `UnsafeRawPointer.bind<T>(to: T.Type)` to indicate that the allocated memory is being bound to a type for the entire duration of its allocation. But it's actually the call to `initialize` a typed pointer that binds the type.


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