[swift-evolution] [Draft] Change @noreturn to unconstructible return type

[L. Mihalkovic]

> On Jun 5, 2016, at 8:39 PM, Charlie Monroe via swift-evolution <swift-evolution at swift.org> wrote:
> 
> While None is probably the best way to describe the opposite of Any, it would be often mistaken for .None (i.e. Optional) by newcomers to the language.
> 
> I'd personally prefer calling it "Nil" (capital N), which really means "nonexistent". The same way ObjC had "nil" for "id" and "Nil" for Class. Possibly, to avoid confusion with nil, calling it Null? Though that might get confused with NSNull, once the NS prefix gets dropped.
> 
> Or "Nothing" as in Scala.

This is a language that has put protocol centerstage. It stands to reason express something as essential using a protocol. 

protocol Nothing {}  

seems more than rational



> 
>> On Jun 5, 2016, at 8:26 PM, Антон Жилин via swift-evolution <swift-evolution at swift.org> wrote:
>> 
>> The following names were suggested: NoReturn, Bottom, None, Never.
>> I would pick None, because it looks like opposite to Any and fits nicely in generic types.
>> 
>> I would prefer the type to be simple, and be implemented as a case-less enum (not a bottom value, as in Haskell).
>> 
>> None should be a usual enum, with no compiler magic except that functions returning None are equivalent to current @noreturn.
>> 
>> Example 1.
>> let x: None?
>> // ...
>> let y = x!
>> 
>> It will trap in runtime not because we discover scary bottom thing, as in Haskell, but because x had value Optional.none at that moment and we asserted otherwise.
>> We could prove that it is always true in this case, but compiler must be stupid about this.
>> 
>> Example 2.
>> Compiler should allow including None in structures. Error will show up in constructor, when we will not be able to initialize the field.
>> 
>> Example 3.
>> None in an enum case makes that case never appear in values of such a type. But compiler can not know about that.
>> 
>> - Anton
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